CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATION OF NON-TARIFF INSTRUMENTS FOR CONDUCTING CUSTOMS POLICY

Abstract

In order to realize the customs policy of every country, two groups of instruments are used: purely customs instruments - the duty rates for individual products; legally mandated methods for calculating customs values; the application (and lack of application) of the principle of the origin of dutiable goods, and non-tariff instruments that are subject to review by this development. The aim of the study is to define the characteristics and consider the application of non-customs instruments which in turn can also be resolved into two groups - one for restricting imports, and the other for stimulating exports. These instruments are also used to achieve other objectives which can be economic, fiscal, social and political. Practice in recent years shows that these are used more often to achieve political goals. Furthermore, this happens at the expense of the first three sets of objectives. The reasons are different. The main one among them is the international commitments made by governments and related to their membership in various trade and customs organizations and agreements such as the WTO (World Trade Organisation), WCO (World Customs Organization), and others.